High Expression of PD-L1 Is Associated with Better Survival in Pancreatic/Periampullary Cancers and Correlates with Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Periampullary cancers are characterized by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, severe fibrosis, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. The immune checkpoint marker programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands 1 and 2 have gained popularity in cancers with TILs.